李宗1，张勇1，李熠2，陆正清1
1.无锡出入境检验检疫局，江苏 无锡 214101；2.昆山出入境检验检疫局
摘要：目的 分析人感染H7N9禽流感病毒患者的发病、诊治和流行情况，自然因素与社会因素对流行3个环节的影响，提出疫情控制措施。方法 描述流行病学和分析流行病学方法，收集人感染H7N9禽流感患者三间分布情况及组合等资料，分析流行特点、影响因素和控制措施。结果 共收集确诊人感染H7N9禽流感134例病例，死亡43例，分布11个省市，沪皖苏为多，占发病数的79.1%；4月发病108例，占80.6%，3、4月发病占96.3%；收集到年龄、性别、接触史等资料的病例为128例，平均年龄为56.8岁，51岁以上达91例，占71.1%，＞60岁65例，占50.8%；男性发病是女性的2.2倍；入院重症病例占患者的75.6%；收集到86例病例职业信息，农民和退休人员占统计数的61.6%；收集到1 737名密切接触者均无发病；气温升高，湿度降低、雨水减少、停止活禽交易等措施，能有效控制疫情。结论 人感染H7N9禽流感又是一起新出现的传染病（emerging infectiois diseases; EID）EID的典型案例，传染和流行特征未明，要加强疫情监测，研究自然因素与社会因素的作用，提出防控措施。
关键词：感染；H7N9禽流感；流行病学；社会和自然因素
中图分类号：R511.7 文献标识码：B
Analysis of epidemioiogical characteristics on human infection
with avian influenza H7N9 virus cases
LI Zong, ZHANG Yong, Li Yi, LU Zheng-qing
Wuxi Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Wuxi, Jangsu 214101, China
Abstract: Objective To analyze the incidence, treatment and epidemic condition of the patients infected with the avian influenza H7N9 virus and the impact of natural and social factors on the three epidemic aspects, and to put forward epidemic control measures. Methods The space-time-population distribution and the composition of such information of patients infected with the avian influenza H7N9 virus were collected. Descriptive epidemiological and analytical epidemiological methods were used to analyze epidemic features, influencing factors and control measures. Results A total of 134 confirmed cases infected with the avian influenza H7N9 virus were collected, including 43 death cases. The cases distributed in eleven provinces and cities, and most of the cases were from Shanghai, Anhui and Jiangsu province, accounting for 79.1% of the incidence. Among them, the mean age of 128 cases was 56.8 years.The number of the cases over 51 years old was 91 cases and over 60 years old was 65 cases, accounting for 71.1% and 50.8%, respectively. The number of the male patients was 2.2 times of the female. Farmers and retirees accounted for 61.6% of all patients. 108 cases were infected in April, accounting for 80.6%, accounting for 96.3% in march and April. The severe cases of hospitalized patients accounted for 75.6%. The close contacts with the patients collected had no incidence. Increasing temperature, decreasing humidity, reduction of rain and the suspension of live poultry trade could help to control the epidemic. Conclusion As another typical of EID, the infection and epidemiological characteristics of human infection with the avian influenza H7N9 virus remains unspecified. The relevant surveillance measures are needed to be strengthened , the epidemic control measures, which based on the study of the roles playing by the natural and social factors in the prevention, are also needed to be put forward.
Key words: Infection; Avian influenza H7N9 virus; Epidemiology; Social and natural factors《中国国境卫生检疫杂志》2014年2月刊 |